Sunday 26 August 2007

Total lunar eclipse Aug 28


In the early evening hours (Australian Eastern time) of August 28, sky watchers across much of the world can look on as the Moon crosses in to the shadow of the Earth, becoming completely immersed for one-hour and 30 minutes, a period of time much longer than most typical lunar eclipses. In fact, this eclipse will be the deepest and longest in 7 years.

Pic:The Moon takes on a strange reddish glow during a total eclipse due dust and pollution in the Earth’s atmosphere. Image credit: Shevill Mathers - Sky and Space Magazine.

At first, there is little change. The outskirts of Earth's shadow are as pale as the Moon itself; an onlooker might not even realize anything is happening. But as the Moon penetrates deeper in to the Earth's shadow, a startling metamorphosis occurs. Around 7.51pm (Australian Eastern time) the colour of the Moon changes from moondust-grey to sunset-red. This is totality, and it lasts for almost 90 minutes. Australia will be treated to a total lunar eclipse early in the evening of Tuesday August 28 and the moon is expected to take on an eerie 'reddish glow'. The most impressive part starts when the Moon's leading edge first enters the earth's shadow, and the eclipse begins,then over the next hour or so, the Moon will slip into total darkness. For Australian eastern states the partial eclipse begins 6.51 pm with the moon totally eclipsed at 7.52pm. This is when it will be at its most impressive. We won't see another one like this until 2010.Suddenly the moon begins to 'disappear'. From that time on, more and more of the Moon will be seen to be in shadow, as if a 'bite' were being taken out of it.As the eclipse progresses, the Moon's disc will take on an eerie coppery-red glow. This is because sunlight falling on the Moon has been filtered through the earth's atmosphere. In fact, the Moon can take on a range of colours, anywhere from dark brown and red to bright orange and yellow.The exact appearance depends on how much dust and clouds are present in the upper atmosphere at the time. The fully eclipsed moon won't be totally dark - and that's what makes totality delightful.Total eclipses tend to be very dark after major volcanic eruptions or major bushfires since these events dump large amounts of volcanic ash into Earth's atmosphere.Unlike solar eclipses, lunar eclipses are completely safe to watch. You don't need any kind of protective filters. It isn't even necessary to use a telescope. If you have a pair of binoculars, they will help magnify the view and will make the red coloration brighter and easier to see.

A day to remember


On Saturday August 25, 2007 Fluffy laid her annual egg.
As this is such a monumental occassion, it deserves it's own entry. How do we know that it's Fluffy's egg? Easy, because its a quarter of the size of all the other eggs!
Please note: Fluffy
She looks mean when viewed from this angle but in reality is anything but.

Friday 24 August 2007

sun and quakes

Recent study by a team of scientists from the ESA (European Space Agency), proves sound generated by the Sun causes earthquakes. The ESA team involved in the HISCALE (Heliosphere Instrument for Spectra, Composition and Anisotropy at Low Energies), which sits aboard the Ulysses spacecraft, have determined specific isolated tones (waves) which are produced by the gravity waves in the Sun, reach Earth and are detecable by seismic instruments.
More on a related topic, "sun's rays affecting Earth:
The team of more than 100 researchers, including National Science Foundation (NSF)-supported investigators at Princeton University and Virginia Tech, have operated the so-called Borexino experiment in one of the deepest laboratories in the world, the Gran Sasso Laboratory of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN, the Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics), near the town of L'Aquila, Italy.These are the first results from the Borexino experiment that has been under construction since the late 1990s with the support of INFN as the lead agency, NSF in the United States, and institutions in Germany, France and Russia."In making these first direct measurements of low-energy neutrinos coming from the sun, Borexino represents a convergence of our present understanding of neutrino properties and the physics of solar energy generation," said Brad Keister, program director for nuclear physics in NSF's mathematical and physical sciences directorate."The great depth of the laboratory and the incredible purity of the materials used in the detection were critical to the discovery and demonstrated the impact of eliminating background radiation from such experiments," added Keister.Produced in the Big Bang, and more recently in stars and nuclear reactors, neutrinos are everywhere. They constantly bombard the Earth, but because they interact very weakly, chances are slim a neutrino will hit anything. More than 100,000,000,000,000 pass through each of us every second without our noticing them.An international team of researchers has detected low-energy solar neutrinos--subatomic particles produced in the core of the sun--and measured in real-time the rate the particles hit our planet. The researchers also obtained fresh evidence that neutrinos oscillate (transform from one state to another) before arriving at Earth, adding weight to present theories about the nature of neutrinos and the inner workings of the sun and other stars. http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Catching_Some_Rays_999.html

Sunday 19 August 2007

Peruvian quake 8.01

Personal Report of Peru Quake from Dr. Kristen Neiling in Argentina

Over 1000 people dead---

The Peru 8.0 earthquake was felt in Chile , Bolivia , Ecuador , and even Colombia . This is considered to be the most serious earthquake in the last several decades in Peru . The only communication system working is the Internet. No water, no electricity, no telephones, no food. President Alan Garcia has called a State of Emergency for at least for the next 60 days.

Situation is getting worst---Over 1,000 dead; people are in the streets destroying entire cities looking for food, more tourists missing. Aftershocks are intensifying and people are terrified. According to sources, the city of Pisco is being reported as completely destroyed. Homes do not exist; bodies are all over the place and no hope to find people alive. Still not able to get to remote locations. All prisoners, estimated to be around 300 from the Pisco jail, escaped when one entire wall fell and left the prison open. Huge fractures in the Earth's crust are visible throughout the locations. Electric wires are hanging all over the cities blocking the main highways south of Lima to the Andes mountains. No access is possible. Pope Benedict XVI is asking all countries in the western world for help to assist Peru in this tragedy. International Red Cross and the Crescent Moon, have sent airplanes, tents, plastic covers, blankets, and water.The U.S. Geological Survey said the earthquake hit at 6:40 p.m. August 16 07 about 90 miles southeast of Lima at a depth of about 25 miles. Four strong aftershocks ranging from magnitudes of 5.4 to 5.9 were felt afterwards. The Hawaii-based Pacific Tsunami Warning Center responded with a tsunami warning for the coasts of Peru, Chile, Ecuador, Colombia, Costa Rica and Panama. A tsunami watch was issued for the rest of Central America and Mexico and an advisory for Hawaii. The center canceled all the alerts after about two hours, but it said the quake had caused an estimated 10-inch tsunami near the epicenter.

Thursday 16 August 2007

Australia's 'Conveyor belt'

A DEEP sea current flowing past Sydney has been found to be part of a long-sought "missing link" thought to connect all the world's southern oceans. CSIRO scientists who discovered the current say it plays a crucial role in controlling not only the world's temperature but the food supply for marine life around the globe. Dubbed the southern hemisphere supergyre, it travels at depths averaging 800 to 1000 metres. Starting in the Pacific north near New Zealand, it flows towards the Queensland coast, where it bends south. Passing Tasmania, it turns west until it reaches Western Australia, where it splits in two before crossing the Indian Ocean. Then it curves south of Africa and into the South Atlantic. Ken Ridgway, a scientist with the CSIRO Ocean Flagships research program, said yesterday that because the current travelled at great depths its temperature and salinity, as well as the nutrients swept along with the flow, changed little. As a result it played an important role in stabilising the world's temperatures, and ensuring the survival of sea life. Monitoring changes in such a stable system should provide pointers to global climate change. Dr Ridgway said scientists had known about what appeared to be three separate westward-flowing currents in the southern Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans. While modelling suggested they should be linked, there was no proof. "We knew about individual bits. We knew about the current east of Australia, but when it reached Tasmania, we didn't know whether it went east or west." The previously unknown section of the current, south of Australia, has been named the Tasman Outflow. "That's the missing link," Dr Ridgway said. "We have been able to show that the global circulation in the southern hemisphere is connected."Identifying such a deep current had taken "thousands and thousands of observations" collected between 1950 and 2002 by ships, automated ocean monitors and satellites. http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2007/08/15/1186857596830.html?from=top5
Go Oz scientists!!!!

Wednesday 15 August 2007

Lunar Eclipses: 2007 - 2012

Here is a list of Lunar eclipses for 2007 through to 2012. I am highlighting the lunar eclipses visible in Australia.

Date Eclipse Type Saros Umbral Magnitude Eclipse Duration Geographic Region of Eclipse Visibility
2007 Mar 03 Total 123 1.238 03h42m
01h14m
Americas, Europe, Africa, Asia
2007 Aug 28 Total 128 1.481 03h33m
01h31m
e Asia, Aus., Pacific, Americas
2008 Feb 21 Total 133 1.111 03h26m
00h51m
c Pacific, Americas, Europe, Africa
2008 Aug 16 Partial 138 0.813 03h09m S. America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Aus.
2009 Feb 09 Penumbral 143 -0.083 - e Europe, Asia, Aus., Pacific, w N.A.
2009 Jul 07 Penumbral 110 -0.909 - Aus., Pacific, Americas
2009 Aug 06 Penumbral 148 -0.661 - Americas, Europe, Africa, w Asia
2009 Dec 31 Partial 115 0.082 01h02m Europe, Africa, Asia, Aus.
2010 Jun 26 Partial 120 0.542 02h44m e Asia, Aus., Pacific, w Americas
2010 Dec 21 Total 125 1.262 03h29m
01h13m
e Asia, Aus., Pacific, Americas, Europe
2011 Jun 15 Total 130 1.705 03h40m
01h41m
S.America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Aus.
2011 Dec 10 Total 135 1.110 03h33m
00h52m
Europe, e Africa, Asia, Aus., Pacific, N.A.
2012 Jun 04 Partial 140 0.376 02h08m Asia, Aus., Pacific, Americas
2012 Nov 28 Penumbral 145 -0.184 - Europe, e Africa, Asia, Aus., Pacific, N.A.

Geographic abreviations (used above): n = north, s = south, e = east, w = west, c = central

Monday 13 August 2007

Meteor watch

meteor watching is a cold thing to do in the winter on a windy hill.
the air was reasonably still, clouds weren't too bad, although they kept sweeping slowly past the part of the sky that I was watching. During the day you don't see the number of planes high up in the sky but at night you do when they flash their lights. There are so many of them going in different directions.
The Milky Way was so clear as it weaved hazily across the sky and the black canvas was strewn with silver twinkles that sometimes flashed a wink at me and who ever was looking.
Oh yes, the meteors, well I saw a couple and it wasn't because I was looking in the wrong direction. It will be interesting to see what the astronomers say about the display but even though I'm out in the country and don't have to contend with the lights of the city, I didn't see many in the two hours I stayed outside watching before I decided it wasn't worth being outside in the cold waiting for that elusive meteor or two to pass by .
Maybe I'll find a photo of a Perseid meteor and post it here just to remind me of how much I didn't see.

Thursday 9 August 2007

JUST IN - The "Best Documented Record" of Climate Change Submitted

by Mitch Battros - Earth Changes Media

The new data show that throughout millions of years, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels swung back and forth between about 250 parts per million, close to present-day levels, to more than 2,000 parts per million. At the same time, the southern ice sheets retreated as carbon dioxide rose and expanded again when levels fell. "This is the best documented record we have of what happens to the climate system during global warming following an ice age," said Isabel Montanez, professor of geology at the University of California, Davis, and lead author on the paper. (Content from the Univ. of Calif. - Davis)It can be said Al Gore had good intentions, and lets even say well meaning passion, but he had it all wrong. The unintended consequences thrust upon him, and the global warming army, is to now attempt to separate the myth of so-called global warming, with pollution, and the real culprit 'climate change' directed by the Sun. What began as a well hidden agenda to simply attack pollution (which is indeed a worthy cause) by conjuring up this disguised swindle, called global warming, is blowing up in their face. I am not joyful to disclose and present this information because it may in fact allow, or even escalate, reckless irresponsible polluting of our earthly home. The very same nasty backlash the Iraq invasion has caused the United States in the eyes of the world by trying to "trick" Americans i.e. 9/11 = Iraq = weapons of mass destruction = terrorists.Let this be a lesson to all people of the world ----- Whenever you hear even a whisper of fascist comments such as: "You are either with me or you are with the terrorists" (George Bush) or "You are either with me or you are with the polluters" (Al Gore), fight like hell to squash such evil intended greed, manipulation, powerless invoking rhetoric. As I have aged, a sliver of wisdom has bestowed upon me to carefully 'pick my battles'. No need to fight every one over every thing. But when I find a cause worthy of battle, it is my duty of integrity to fight like hell and yell as loud as I can. The global warming fraud is indeed worthy of this notion. I hope you feel the same --- As documented in my book "Global Warming: A Convenient Disguise", the politicizing of science for self-seeking needs is not altogether new, but never ever ever have we seen it so flagrant without fear of reprisal in our recent history.There is an almost frightening capture in this new empirical data. We see the leaders of this research team remind us of what is really worth preparing for ----- "Coming Mass Migration is Imminent". The following is from the book "Global Warming: A Convenient Disguise": (IPCC) "The current coastal management and planning frameworks do not take account of the vulnerability of key systems to changes in climate and sea level or long lead times for implementation of many adaptation measures. Inappropriate policies encourage development in impact-prone areas. Given increasing population density in coastal zones, long lead times for implementation of many adaptation measures, and institutional, financial, and technological limitations (particularly in many developing countries), coastal systems should be considered vulnerable to changes in climate." Source: 'Global Warming: A Convenient Disguise' The new report shows the record of fossil plants shows the drastic effects of major climate change on living things. In the modern era, tropical forests are already stressed by human use and settlement, and ecological researchers have recorded species moving north or south, likely driven by current climate change.
The Science behind the Myth
The transition from an ice age to an ice-free planet 300 million years ago was highly unstable, marked by dips and rises in carbon dioxide, extreme swings in climate and drastic effects on tropical vegetation, according to a study published in the journal Science Jan. 5.

"This is the best documented record we have of what happens to the climate system during global warming following an ice age," said Isabel Montanez, professor of geology at the University of California, Davis, and lead author on the paper. In the mid-Permian, 300 million years ago, the Earth was in an ice age. Miles-thick ice sheets covered much of the southern continent, and floating pack ice likely covered the northern polar ocean. The tropics were dominated by lush rainforests, now preserved as coal beds. Forty million years later, all the ice was gone. The world was a hot, dry place, vegetation was sparse, soils little more than drifts of wind-blown dust. "You'd have to be a reptile to want to live there," Montanez said.
Montanez and her co-authors derived records of atmospheric carbon dioxide from ancient soils that have been preserved as rocks, from coal and from fossils of plants. They extracted a record of sea surface temperatures from the fossils of brachiopod shellfish and looked at the extensive records of past plant life from fossils of the ancient rainforests. To see how the glaciers advanced and retreated, they looked at the scars and clues left by ice sheets that once covered the great southern continent of Gondwanaland, which included most of the land masses of the modern southern hemisphere. They placed statistical constraints on their data with computer modeling by Deb Niemeier, professor of civil and environmental engineering and director of the John Muir Institute of the Environment at UC Davis.
The new data show that throughout millions of years, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels swung back and forth between about 250 parts per million, close to present-day levels, to more than 2,000 parts per million. At the same time, the southern ice sheets retreated as carbon dioxide rose and expanded again when levels fell, a pattern compatible with the idea that greenhouse gases caused the end of the late Paleozoic ice age.
"We can see a pattern of increasing carbon dioxide and increasing temperatures, with a series of rises and dips," Montanez said.
Scientists had assumed that as the climate warmed, a tipping point would be reached at which the ice sheets would melt rapidly and for good. Instead, the new data shows that the climate went back and forth between the extremes. But the overall trend was to warming, and by 260 million years ago, the ice sheets were gone. Records of fossil plants show rapid changes in tropical plant communities as the climate changed. On scales of a few thousand years, lush forests of tree ferns in cool, wet periods alternated with conifers and other plants adapted to a harsher, drier and warmer climate.
"The Permian greenhouse is the only record we have of the transition from an ice age to an ice-free climate on a vegetated planet," Montanez said. But instead of a smooth shift, the transition occurred in a series of sharp swings between cold and hot conditions, occurring during perhaps a half-million to few million years. Montanez pointed out the data does show that such a major change in climate will likely not proceed in small, gradual steps, but in a series of unstable, dramatic swings. While these data cover millions of years, similar events might take place during a much shorter time span. Perhaps this is the behavior one should expect when we go through a major climate transition," Montanez said. Further, the record of fossil plants shows the drastic effects of major climate change on living things. In the modern era, tropical forests are already stressed by human use and settlement, and ecological researchers have recorded species moving north or south, likely driven by current climate change.

Update August Perseids

The meteors in this shower all appear to emanate from the constellation Perseus. The August Perseids are among the strongest of the readily observed annual meteor showers, and at maximum activity nominally yield 90 or 100 meteors per hour. However, observers with exceptional skies often record even larger numbers.To see the show, one need only find a comfortable spot with a clear view of the northeast horizon, away from local lights. A dark rural location is best. Lie back on a blanket or lounge chair and scan the entire sky. In the late evening, starting around 9 p.m. local time, sharp-eyed observers might see "earth grazing" meteors that skim the northeast horizon. Earth grazers are long, slow and colourful; they are among the most beautiful of meteors. Later and during the overnight hours, the shooting stars will be more frequent. Some skywatchers enjoy counting the number of meteors they see per minute, per hour or during a 15-minute interval and comparing notes.
The Moon is new on August 12, which means no moonlight, dark skies and plenty of meteors.

Thursday 2 August 2007

Ominous Ice Storm in Costa Rica

India, Indonesia, Great Britain and Texas are flooding. The US Southwest, Southern Europe and parts of China are suffering serious droughts as the Amazon threatens to dry up and drought persists in areas of Australia.But the most ominous indication that sudden climate change is under way does not come from these areas. It comes from a storm that took place last week in Costa Rica. This storm involved extremely fine ice crystals, which were a form of sleet rather than hail. Sleet has fallen before in Costa Rica, but only very rarely and certainly never in summer. For this to occur, it means that the storm's vertical circulation must have been unusually intense, and the clouds must have reached far into the stratosphere. Over the past ten years, the difference between stratospheric temperatures and temperatures close to the ground has been increasing dramatically, setting the stage for unusual and violent storms. More bizarre storms can be expected, and some of them are almost certainly going to be more violent--or as in this case--more unusual than ever recorded before.